Questions and homework - The students will be asked questions about the material read and discussed in the previous day. Passages from the previous day will be reread and discussed. During this initial part of the lesson, students will have the chance to discuss any points of difficulty they might have.
Reading (1 hour + 1 hour) - Chapters III-VI of the Karnamag will be read and discussed. During each passage's reading, detailed explanations related to the texts' lexical and grammatical aspects will be fully and minutely examined. Students are encouraged to ask questions related to the text.
Discussion of grammar - Questions related to grammar and the alphabet will be discussed. Special attention will be paid to huzvaresh (arameograms) and their history. Points related to the Sasanian ideas of kingship and royal authority will also constitute points of discussion.
Key names, words, and expressions:
šudan - This verb is commonly used both in Middle and Modern Persian. However, in both languages, it has a different meaning. In Middle Persian šudan means “to go”, while in Modern Persian it commonly means “to become”.
xwadāy - This word is another example of how various words have changed their meanings during the development of the language. Thus, the word xwadāy has the meaning of “lord, master” in Middle Persian, and is commonly used for humans, while in New Persian it has acquired the meaning of “God”.
Text (excerpt from Ch. III of KAP):
Ardawān rāy kanīzag-ēw ī abāyišnīg būd kē az abārīg kanīzagān āzarmīgdar ud grāmīgdar dāšt ud harw ēwēnag paristišn ī ardawān būd ān kanīzag kard ēstād. rōz-ēw ka Ardaxšīr pad stōrgāh nišast ud tambūr zad ud srōd ud abārīg huramīh kard, ōy Ardaxšīr dīd ud padiš wiyābān būd. ud pas az ān abāg Ardaxšīr mihr ud dōstīh ud dōšāram kard ud paywastag hamē pad šab ka Ardawān ī bē-šudag-baxt be xuft ān kanīzag pad nihān ō nazdīk Ardaxšīr šud ud tā nazd bām abāg Ardaxšīr būd ud pas abāz ō pēš Ardawān šud. rōz-ēw Ardawān dānāgān ud axtarmārān ī pad dar būd ō pēš xwāst ud pursīd kū: čē hamē wēnēd pad tis ī haftān ud dwāzdahān ud ēstišn ud rawišn ī stāragān ud tis ī āwāmxwadāyīh ī šahr šahr ud čiyōnīh ī mardōmān ī gēhān ud tis ī man ud frazandān ud mardōmān ī amāh? axtarmārān sālār pad passox guft kū: gōčihr ōbast ud stārag ī Ohrmazd abāz ō bālist āmad. Wahrām ud Anāhīd pad kust ī haftōring andar šagr axtar marz ǰahēnd ud ō Ohrmazd ayārīh dahēnd.
|
kanīzag |
کنیزه |
maiden |
|
abāyišnīg |
- |
worthy |
|
abārīg |
باری |
other |
|
āzarmīg |
آزرمی |
beloved (adj.) |
|
grāmīg |
گرامی |
lovely |
|
harw |
هر |
every |
|
ēwēnag |
آیین |
way, manner |
|
paristišn |
پرستش |
service |
|
stōrgāh |
ستورگاه |
stable |
|
tambūr |
تنبور |
musical instr., tambourine |
|
srōd |
سرود |
song |
|
huramīh |
خرمی |
rejoicing |
|
padiš |
بهش |
to him |
|
wiyābān |
- |
deluded |
|
dōšāram kardan |
- |
to make love |
|
paywastag |
پیوسته |
all the time |
|
bē-šudag-baxt |
- |
unfortunate, miserable |
|
xuftan |
خفتن |
to sleep |
|
bām |
بام |
morning |
|
axtarmār |
اخترمر |
astrologer |